Loom.



No. 653,225. Patented July 10, 1900.

w. FISCHER, sa. & w. FISCHER, 1;. H1051.

- [Application filed Apr. 28, 1899.} V (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

WiTNESSESx INVENTORS,

ATTORNEYS ms mamas PETERS cv., \msmNuwN, 12, c.

No. 653,225. Patented July" I0, 1900, w. FISCHER, SR. & w. FISCHER, 1n.

LOUM.

' (Application filed Apr. 26, 1899.)

a sheets-sheet 2 (N0 Model.)

ATTQ RN EYS mvgmoas,

' WITNESSES.

' HA nuns]: PETERS 6a., wAsM/Naron, n. c.

No. 653,225. Patented July I0, usoo.

W. FISCHER, SR. &, W. FISCHER, JR.

LOUM. I

(Application filed Apr. 26, 1899.)

(No Model.) 1

ATTORNEYS THE nmmus PETERS cm, wnsmucnm. n. c.

. BY 5 m wit-0M -rrn STATES PATENT snares,

WILLIAM FISCHER, SR, AND \VILLIAM FISCHER, JR, OF PATERSON, -NEVVJERSEY, ASSIGNORS, 'BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE AMERICAN AU- TOMATIOLOOM COMPANY, OF NEW JERSEY.

LCOM.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 653,225, dated July 10,1900.

Application filed April 26, 1899.

To all'whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM FISCHER,

Sn, and WILLIAM FISCHER, J r., citizens of the United States, residingin Paterson, in the 5 county of Passaic and State of New Jersey,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms; and we dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, whichform a part of this specification.

This invention relates to that class of looms known as needle-loomsthatis to say, looms in which the weft or filling is laid in the shed inloop form by means of needles which carry the weft or filling inconjunction with other needles which enter the successive loops andmaintain them in position until each is Y beaten up and the threads ofthe warp crossed to form a new shed.

For convenience sake we term the former needles weftcarriers and thelatter needles loopers.

Our invention has to do more particularly with the instrumentalitieslast named, and its salient feature is that the loopers, so called,while reciprocated collectively to enter and quit' their respectiveloops are individually and independently spring-yielding and movabletoward and away from their respective reeds, so that each loop er mayadapt itself in this respect to the necessities of the particular workwhich it may be called upon to perform and to the particular mechanicaldevices with which it cooperates during the weaving operation withoutregard to the fellows.

In the accompanying drawings, to which we will now refer for a betterunderstanding of our invention, Figure 1 is a transverse sectional viewof a loom embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, slightlyenlarged, of that portion of the loom which includes the needles andtheir operating mech- Serial No. 714,470. (No model.)

Fig. 3 is a section, on an enlarged scale, taken on line X X, Fig. 2.Fig. 4: is a like section through the batten, showing the verticalneedle or looper in its elevated position instead of in its lowermostposition, as in Fig. 3. Fig.

5 is an enlarged plan view of one of the guides for the vertical needlesor loopers. 5 The side frames of the loom, one of which is shown at a,are connected by longitudinal beams cried, the latter being thebreast-beam of the loom and being sustained by the front pillars a 'ofthe side frames. The lay-swords e e are fulcrumed at their upper ends instandards e on the side frames, the fulcrumbolts 011 the lay-swordspassing through and being adjustably secured in slots 6 in thestandards. To the lower ends of the layswords is secured in the usual.manner the lay or batten e Carried by and moving with the lay-swords andbatten are the several sets of reeds, weft-carriers, and loopers, whichcooperate with the warp and shed controlling 7o mechanism to weave theseveral strips or pieces of goods, there being one set of theseinstrumentalitiesfor each separate piece of goods to be woven. Thereedslshow-n at gf, Fig. 2) are by means of clips 9 gt secured to bars 99 attached to and extending between the lay-swords and stiffened by rodsg fastened to them and to the batten. The weftcarriers are arranged ashorizontal needles (1 in pairs, the needles of each pair pointing inopposite directions and the one needle of each pair being mounted on andcarried by a horizontal longitudinally-reciprocating rod m and the otherneedle of each pair being mounted on another and similar reciprocatingrod a, corresponding needles-of all the pairs being on one and the samerod. Rod m is supported on grooved rollers m in standards m, secured tothe batten, and rod n is supported on grooved rollers n in standards 0n, secured to the bar 9. ,The standards are adjustably secured to theirsupports at m and n m respectively. The needles q of rod m are securedto their rod by arms p, and

those of rod n are secured to their rod by '95 anisin, the lay orbatten, and the lay-swords. i arms p, each arm being adjustablyseoured ochine through gearing c c.

weft-carriers q are actuated by having their 5 connections m and n asticks are formed as angle-levers, their shorterat p p to the rod andeach needle being adi from shaft b through gearingc c Fig. 1.

justably secured at q to its arm. The filling or weft is taken frombobbins g Fig. 1, there being one bobbin for each needle. Each fillingpasses over a suitable sustaining-surface g and thence through a guide gon bar 9, Fig. 2, to its needle q. The warp is delivered from sets ofbobbins d, Fig. 1, suitably supported on a bracket (1 The warp extendsto thence to the usual tension mechanism, consisting of rollers djournaled in a frame (1 over which the warp extends, weights (1 beingsuspended from rollers (1 placed on the warp betweeneach two rollers (1From the r5 tension the-warp passes to the usual glass 2e suitable formof shedding mechanism. The

batten and the horizontal needles q may be actuated by any suitablemechanism. In the present instance the batten is actuated by a pitman cat each end of the machine, adj ustably pivoted at e e to'a bracket 6 onthe laysword at that end, and having its other end hung on a crank-pinon a gear-wheel 0, fast on and revolving with shaft 1), the latter beingdriven from the main shaft 1) of the ma- The needles or reciprocatingrods m n attached, respectively, to the picker-sticks 2' t" at oppositeends of the machine through adjustable pivot These pickerarms t fi beingpivoted in brackets i 2' on their respective lay-swords, Figs. 2 and 3.The lower endof each picker-stick moves be- 0 tween guidesjj" j j, whichassure its correct movement. The vibratory movement of the picker-sticksand the consequent reciprocation of the needle-carrying rods with whichthey are connected is brought about by straps 5 k, connected one to eachshorter arm of its appropriate angle-lever picker-stick. Each strap 70is-connected to the free end of a le- ,-ver is. pivoted at its rear endat the back of the loom, having on it a block 78, provided with acam-face 70 Fig. 3, which is below and in the path of the tappet c onshaft Z1 By the tappet and cam the needle-carrying rod connectedtherewith is moved in a direction to carrythe needles on that barthrough their 5 5 respectivesheds in a direction to lay the weftloopstherein. The return movement of the rods is effected by extensiblesprings 0, attached at one end to the lay swords or bars 9 thereon, Fig.2, and at the other end to their appropriate picker-sticks. Thearrangement ($5 deposited by the weft-carriers and beaten up by thereeds. The shaft Z1 takes its motion The take-up. roll is actuated inthe usual Way from the batten through the medium of a cord f, Fig. 1,that controls a lever f, which, through a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism fis adapted to rotate a pinion f and through said pinion gearing fwhereby the take-up roll (1 is actuated. The main shaft b itself of theloom is driven from any prime mover, in this instance throughdriving-belt 77 which is used in connection with fast and loose pulleysb on shaft 7).

- For the purpose of conveniently stopping and starting the machine weemploy the usual expedient of a belt-shifter b secured on a rock-shaft bprovided with a crank-arm, which by connecting-rod b is connected with ahorizontally-reciprocating bar 12 movable in brackets or guides b onstandards a Vle come now to that portion of the loom in which ourinvention is more particularly found.

It is of course manifest that with each of the weft-carrying needles orweft-carriers there must be combined some means of holding the loopcarried across the-warp by each needle until that loop is beaten up andthe shed is shifted so as to hold it in this condition. It is for thispurpose that a second set of needles o is provided. These needles 0,01loopers as we have called them, are arranged in pairs, one on each sideof the Warp-shed in connection with which they are used. Theyreciprocate in a plane transverse to that in which the weft-carriers.move and are ar ranged and operated to enter and quit each its ownweft-loop at appropriate times. For this purpose these loopers aremounted on and carried by a frame 3, situated back of the batten andadapted for vertical reciprocatory movement by guides s, that projectrearwardly from the top and bottom of the batten into and throughvertical slots 5 in-said frame. The reciprocatory movement of the frame3 is effected by means of levers 8 one at each end of the loom, pivotedto brackets s on beam a, Fig. 3, and at their free ends connected to theframe 8 by links .9 Illoth levers s are operated simultaneously by camss on shaft 1), these cams operating to lift the frame, the descent ofthe latter being due to gravity. The movement is timed so that theloopers 1), which are down when the horizontal weft-carriers carry theweft across the warp-shed, will rise and enter the weft-loops before theweft-carriers begin to move back, and will thus hold the loops untilthey are beaten up and the warp-shed is changed, at which time they quitthe loops and descend to their normal position. In this way all of theloopers are reciprocatedto enter and quit their loops collectively andtogether. It is, however, necessary that the loopers should be capableof motion to and from their respective reeds, the motion toward the reedbcingnecessary in order to propei'lybeat up ceases the fabric and securethe weft-loop in place, and the motion from the reed being necessary inorder to enable the loopers to enter their re-.

spective loops, at which time the weft-carriers q are between theloopers o and the reeds. Not only is this necessary, but it is alsonecessary, as we have found, that each looper i) should be capable ofthus moving separately from and independently of all of the otherloopers in order that it may adapt itself to the exigencies of theparticular weave with which it is associated and to the particularmechanical instrumentalities with which it no operates in doing thatparticular work. To

this end we make each of said loopers individually spring-yielding andmovable to and from the reed, so that while all of the loop ersreciprocate collectively and as a group to enter and quit their loopsthe individual members of that group are separately and independentlymovable in a direction to and from their respective reeds. For thispurpose the needles are .adjustably secnred by set-screws 'v inneedle-bars t, adjustably secured by set-screws ii -in blocks 25', whichare pivoted or hinged to the 'lower part of the frames. When timepivoted, they can swing or move to and from the reed. v With eachneedlebar tis associated a spring it, which tends to hold the needle-baraway from the reed, and each bar passes through a guideslot i in athree-armed guide 15 Fig. 5, adjustably secured to the top of the framesby set-screws which pass through slot-s t in the guides. This guiderestrains the needle-bar i from lateral movement and limits the extentof its vibratory movement to and from the reed. The needle bars 6 arebetween the frame 8 and the batten, and in the latter at points wherethe needle-bars come are wedgeshaped clearanceslots i Figs. .3 and 4,which have their wide end uppermost, so as to allow the vertical needlesor loopers to move away from the reed as they rise far enough to permitthem to enter the weft-loops. These loopersv are arranged in pairs, andthe two loopers of each pair are located onopposite sides of thewarp-shed with which they are associated and in a vertical line that' isslightly within the side bars of the frame of each reed, as seen in Fig.2, so that in rising and descending they will move in paths in proximityto the edges of the warp-shed. I

The looper-needles o are plain and without eyes. The weft-carrierneedles q are provided with eyes, through which the weft is threaded.

When the loom is in operation, one of the weft-carriers q of each pairenters and passes across the warpshed, so as to lay a loop ofweft'therein, and projects enough beyond the opposite or far edge of thewarp-shed to bring the open loop in position to be entered by itsappropriate looper-needle o, the batten at this time being in the rearposition. The frame 8 during this time rises, sothat when the loops arein position the vertical needles or loopers Q) will enter said loops.The loopers as they rise will, under the influence of the springs u,swing forward from the reed far enough to be in position topass up intothe loops on the frontside of the horizontal needles or weft- 1 carriersg, which at this time are between the loopers and the reed. As soon asthe loopers engage their loops the weft-carriers recede and draw backout of the warp-shed, the bat-- ten moving forward and the loopers stillengaging and holding the loops until the weft is beaten up and the shedchanges or is on the point of changing, at which time the frame 3descends far enough to draw the looperneedles out of their loops. Duringthis op oration and as the beatingaip operation progresses the verticalneedles or loopers, while still holding their loops, will gradually foldup close against their respective reeds, so as to allow the weft'to beclosely beaten up, each looper'yielding independently of its fellows andindividually adapting itself to the exigencies of the work. When theframe 3 do scends, the needle-bars 25 will by the shallow lower ends oftheir clearance-slots be closed up toward the reed, so that at this timethe needles 4) will be substantially vertical; but in rising and beforesaid needles reach their loops they will be permitted to swing forwardaway from the reed far enough to enter their loops. Thus the operationproceeds, each of the weft-carriers q of each pair and itsassociateddevices being alternatelyin action.

If desired, the two sets of needles qmay be worked simultaneouslyinstead of alternately. This can be effected by duplicating the tapp'etsthat act against the levers k and placing them diametrically oppositeeach other on their shaft 1 Having described our invention, what weclaim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

l. in a loom provided with suitable warp controlling mechanism, thecombination with the reed, batten, weft-carriers mounted on said battenand adapted to reciprocate trans verselyof the reed and mechanism forcperating said batten and weft-carriers, of c looper-carrying frame andmechanism for reciprocating the same in a path transverse to the path oftravel. of the weft-carriers, and.

loopers mounted on and. individually hinged to said frame andspring-pressed away from the reed, whereby said loopers, whilereciprocated collectively and asa group to enter and quit theirrespective loops, are individuallyand independently spring-yielding andmovable toward and away from the reed, substantially as and for thepurposes hereinbefore set forth. r

2. In a loom the combination with warpcontrolling mechanism, a battenand a reed mounted on said batten, weft-carriers also carried by saidbatten and adapted to reciprocate transversely of said reed, andmechanism for operating said weft-carriers, of a reciprocatory looper-carnyi'ng frame, means we have hereunto set our hands this 10th day forreciprocatingsaid frame,andindividna1ly of April, 1899.

spring-pressed-oscillating loopers mounted WILLIAM FISCHER, SR.

on and carried bysaid frame, Substantially WILLIAM FISCHER, JR. 5 as andfor the purposes hereinbefore set Witnesses:

forth. ALFRED v GARDNER,

In testimony that we claim the foregoing l FRANK FISCHER.

